• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a turbocharger with a turbine and a compressor each having a rotor (21) and a stator, at least one of the respective rotors (21) and / or stators having at least one internal flow channel (4) which is at least partially or completely from a wall (10), for cooling and wherein the respective rotor (21) and / or stator having at least one flow channel (4) is manufactured at least partially by means of additive manufacturing. The invention also relates to a method for producing such a turbocharger.
    公开号:CH716015A2
    申请号:CH00223/20
    申请日:2020-02-24
    公开日:2020-09-30
    发明作者:Aurahs Lutz；Weihard Stefan；Leitenmeier Christoph；Wurm Claudius；Rost Stefan
    申请人:Man Energy Solutions Se；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The invention relates to a turbocharger with a turbine and a compressor, each having a rotor and a stator and at least one of the respective rotors and / or stators having at least one internal flow channel for cooling. The invention also relates to a method for producing such a turbocharger.
    The cooling of turbochargers with a turbine that drives a compressor takes place according to the current state of the art by guiding cooling media through long bores or large-volume cavities of a casting mold. Due to the manufacturing technologies / manufacturing processes used, the applicable cooling concepts are currently very limited. Internal cooling and film cooling of rotor and stator components, which are used accordingly in gas turbines and aerospace turbines, cannot be carried out with these manufacturing processes due to the complex geometry of the cooling channels. A disadvantage of these cooling concepts for turbochargers is, on the one hand, the high thermal load on the components of the turbocharger and, on the other hand, the fact that these components cannot be further optimized. A suitable cooling concept nevertheless offers considerable potential for improving the efficiency of the turbocharger.
    It is therefore the object of the present invention to provide a turbocharger and a method for producing a turbocharger which, by means of a suitable cooling concept, reduces the thermal load on the components of the turbocharger and further optimizes the efficiency.
    [0004] This object is achieved by the combination of features according to patent claim 1.
    According to the invention, a turbocharger with a turbine and a compressor, each having a rotor and a stator, is proposed. In this case, at least one of the respective rotors and / or stators has at least one internal flow channel for cooling, which is at least partially or completely surrounded by a wall. The respective rotor and / or stator, which has at least one flow channel, is at least partially produced by means of additive manufacturing. By means of the additive manufacturing process, the flow channel can be optimally designed for cooling the corresponding component. This enables more intensive cooling of the turbocharger components, which in turn improves the service life of the thermally stressed components of the compressor and turbine. It is also advantageous that this leads to more intensive cooling of the surfaces involved in the compression process. This improves the compression efficiency. Consequently, this is particularly advantageous for applications with high energy densities and high demands on the turbocharger efficiency.
    In an advantageous embodiment it is provided that the flow channel and / or the wall surrounding the respective flow channel is or has been produced entirely by means of additive manufacturing. A favorable aspect of the design of the flow channel by means of additive manufacturing is that the flow channel and thus also the cooling medium used can be guided through complex component geometries.
    [0007] The turbocharger is preferably designed such that the respective flow channel describes a complex course that has several or a plurality of changes in the direction of flow. In this way, the cooling of the corresponding component is further improved.
    In one embodiment of the invention it is provided that the respective flow channel has, at least in sections, a course close to the wall in a wall that at least partially or completely surrounds the flow channel within the corresponding rotor and / or stator. As a result of the cooling media routing close to the wall, a high degree of heat exchange is achieved and the efficiency of the turbocharger is further increased.
    Furthermore, an embodiment is favorable in which the rotor of the turbine has a turbine hub and at least one turbine blade. The flow channel runs within the turbine hub at least axially and within the turbine blade. This is particularly advantageous in order to lower the material temperature of these components or in order to introduce barrier cooling air or film cooling air.
    In a further advantageous variant, the rotor of the compressor has a compressor wheel and at least one compressor blade. The flow channel runs within the compressor wheel and the at least one compressor blade. As a result, the material temperature in the compressor wheel and in the compressor blades can be lowered further or heat can also be extracted from the compression process. In order to further improve the cooling effect and thus also the efficiency of the turbocharger, the conduction of the cooling medium within the rotor can be combined by the compressor and the turbine.
    The turbocharger according to the invention is designed in one embodiment that the turbocharger has a housing and the flow channel runs within the housing. The housing is at least partially or completely manufactured using additive manufacturing. Additional cooling of the turbocharger housing or of stator components allows the material temperature of the housing components or of the stator components or of the compressor wheel to be reduced and, at the same time, to dissipate heat from the compression process.
    It is further advantageous if the flow channel has an inlet that forms an opening for receiving a cooling fluid into the flow channel, and an outlet that forms an opening for the outlet of the cooling fluid from the flow channel. In this way, a cooling medium can be introduced into or out of the flow channel at the desired position. A suitable positioning of the inlet and outlet of a flow channel has a great influence on its formation and guidance through the corresponding component and consequently also on the cooling capacity. Due to the additive manufacturing, the inlet and outlet can be positioned as desired and thus the efficiency can be improved.
    In a further development of the invention of the present turbocharger it is further provided that the inlet and the outlet have a plurality of openings in the flow channel which are arranged at a distance from one another. This ensures a uniform entry or exit of the cooling medium and the efficiency of the turbocharger is optimized due to the improved flow of the cooling medium or the improved cooling performance.
    According to the invention, a method for producing a turbocharger described above is also proposed, in which the respective rotor or stator having the inner flow channel is manufactured to form the corresponding flow channel by means of additive manufacturing, in particular by means of a 3D printing process. Using additive manufacturing processes, the flow channel can be precisely adapted to the requirements for optimal cooling of the turbocharger components. Therefore, the cooling performance can be adapted exactly to the respective application and all turbochargers and turbocharger applications can benefit from the optimized thermal balance.
    In an advantageous variant of the method it is provided that the housing or stator components are manufactured by means of additive manufacturing, in particular by means of 3D printing. An additional manufacture of the housing by means of additive manufacturing is beneficial that this increases the number of applicable cooling concepts. The additional cooling of the housing or stator components allows additional heat to be dissipated from the compression process. Furthermore, the material temperature of the housing components or the stator components or the compressor wheel is reduced.
    The method is preferably carried out so that the respective flow channel of the rotor, the stator or the housing, depending on the required cooling capacity, is formed by a plurality of flow channel sections with different flow directions. With this design of the flow channel, its cooling capacity for the corresponding turbocharger component can be precisely adapted to the corresponding requirement.
    [0017] Other advantageous developments of the invention are characterized in the subclaims or are shown in more detail below together with the description of the preferred embodiment of the invention with reference to the figures. Show it:<tb> Fig. 1 <SEP> a sectional view of a rotor with additively manufactured cooling air duct into the turbine,<tb> Fig. 2 <SEP> a sectional view of a rotor with additively manufactured cooling air ducting into the compressor,<tb> Fig. 3 <SEP> a perspective view of a stator of an axial turbine with an additively manufactured cooling air duct and<tb> Fig. 4 <SEP> a sectional view of a turbocharger housing with additively manufactured cooling air duct.
    FIG. 1 shows a sectional view of a rotor 21 of a turbine 2 with an additively manufactured flow channel 4 into the turbine 2. The internal flow channel 4 is completely surrounded by a wall 14. Both the flow channel 4 and the wall 14 are produced entirely by means of additive manufacturing. The rotor 21 of the turbine 2 further comprises a turbine hub 5 and a multiplicity of turbine blades 6.
    The flow channel 4 shown in Figure 1 has a complex, multiple changes in flow direction having course. In the region of the turbine hub 5, this flow channel 4 forms an inlet 10 with a corresponding opening 11 for receiving a cooling fluid into the flow channel 4. From this opening 11, the flow channel 4 initially runs radially in the direction of a central axis of the rotor 21 and then describes an arcuate course, so that a wall 14 delimiting the flow channel 4 is arranged in the area of the central axis. The flow channel 4 runs from this arcuate section further inside the turbine hub 5 essentially parallel to the central axis in the axial direction of the rotor 21. This section is followed by an S-shaped section of the flow channel 4, which runs inside the turbine blades 6 until the Flow channel 4 has an outlet 12 at one edge of a turbine blade 6, which in turn forms an opening 13 for the outlet of the cooling fluid from flow channel 4. In addition, sections of the flow channel 4 have a course close to the wall on a wall 14 that completely surrounds the flow channel 4 within the turbine blades 6.
    FIG. 2 shows a sectional view of a rotor 31 with an additively manufactured cooling air duct within a compressor 3, which has a compressor wheel 7 and a plurality of compressor blades 8. The flow channel 4 runs within the compressor wheel 7 and at least one compressor blade 8. Starting from an inlet 10 in the area of the compressor hub, which forms an opening 11 for receiving a cooling fluid into the flow channel 4, the flow channel 4 has a complex course that describes several changes in flow direction on. In FIG. 2, the course of the flow channel 4 initially corresponds approximately to the geometry of the compressor blade surface, since the flow channel 4 has a course close to a wall within a wall 14 that completely surrounds the flow channel 4. This section is followed by part of the flow channel 4, which runs axially and parallel to the central axis of the rotor 31 back to the compressor hub and finally describes an arc and radially outwards to an outlet 12 with an opening 13 for discharging the cooling fluid from the flow channel 4 runs.
    FIG. 3 shows a perspective view of a stator 32 of an axial turbine with an additively manufactured cooling air duct. In an edge region of the turbine blade 6, the flow channel 4 has an inlet 10, at which a multiplicity of mutually spaced openings 11 are arranged in the flow channel 4 for receiving a cooling fluid. Subsequent to the respective opening 11, the flow channel 4 runs complex with several changes in flow direction and in sections close to the wall in a wall 14 that completely surrounds the flow channel 4 within the stator 32 Having the outlet of the cooling fluid from the flow channel 4.
    FIG. 4 shows a sectional view of a turbocharger with a housing 9 which has an additively manufactured cooling air duct. The turbocharger also includes a compressor wheel 7 and a plurality of compressor blades 8. A flow channel 4 runs inside the housing 9.
    The invention is not limited in its implementation to the preferred embodiments specified above. Rather, a number of variants are conceivable which make use of the solution shown even in the case of fundamentally different designs.
    List of reference symbols:
    1 turbocharger 2 turbine 3 compressor 21 rotor turbine 31 rotor compressor 22 stator turbine 32 stator compressor 4 flow channel 5 turbine hub 6 turbine blade 7 compressor wheel 8 compressor blade 9 housing 10 inlet 11 opening 12 outlet 13 opening
    权利要求:
    Claims (12)
    [1]
    1. Turbocharger (1) with a turbine (2) and a compressor (3), each of which has a rotor (21, 31) and a stator (22, 32), at least one of the respective rotors (21, 31) and / or stators (22, 32) have at least one internal flow channel (4), which is at least partially or completely surrounded by a wall (14), for cooling, and the respective rotor (21, 31) having at least one flow channel (4) and / or the stator (22, 32) is at least partially manufactured by means of additive manufacturing.
    [2]
    2. Turbocharger (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the flow channel (4) and / or the wall (14) surrounding the respective flow channel (4) is or has been produced entirely by means of additive manufacturing.
    [3]
    3. Turbocharger (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the respective flow channel (4) has a complex, several or a plurality of changes in flow direction having changes.
    [4]
    4. Turbocharger (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the respective flow channel (4) at least in sections has a course close to the wall in a wall (14) which at least partially or completely surrounds the flow channel (4) within the corresponding rotor (21, 31) and / or stator (22, 32).
    [5]
    5. Turbocharger (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the rotor (21) of the turbine (2) has a turbine hub (5) and at least one turbine blade (6), wherein the flow channel (4) within the turbine hub ( 5) runs at least axially and within the turbine blade (6).
    [6]
    6. Turbocharger (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the rotor (31) of the compressor (3) has a compressor wheel (7) and at least one compressor blade (8), the flow channel (4) within the compressor wheel ( 7) and the at least one compressor blade (8) runs.
    [7]
    7. turbocharger (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the turbocharger (1) has a housing (9), wherein the flow channel (4) extends within the housing (9) and the housing (9) at least partially or is made entirely by means of additive manufacturing.
    [8]
    8. Turbocharger (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the flow channel (4) has an inlet (10) which forms an opening (11) for receiving a cooling fluid in the flow channel (4), and an outlet (12 ), which forms an opening (13) for the outlet of the cooling fluid from the flow channel (4).
    [9]
    9. Turbocharger (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the inlet (10) and the outlet (11) have a plurality of openings (11, 13) in the flow channel (4) which are arranged at a distance from one another.
    [10]
    10. The method for producing a turbocharger (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the respective rotor (21, 31) or stator (22, 32) having the inner flow channel (4) to form the corresponding flow channel (4 ) is manufactured using additive manufacturing, in particular using a 3D printing process.
    [11]
    11. The method for producing a turbocharger (1) according to claim 10 with a housing (9), characterized in that the housing (9) is produced by means of additive manufacturing, in particular by means of 3D printing.
    [12]
    12. The method for producing a turbocharger (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the respective flow channel (4) of the rotor (21, 31), the stator (22, 32) or the housing (9) through a A plurality of flow channel sections with different flow directions is formed depending on the required cooling capacity.
    类似技术:
    公开号 | 公开日 | 专利标题
    DE102013226488A1|2015-06-18|Washer of a combustion chamber shingle of a gas turbine
    DE102008022516A1|2008-11-27|A stator assembly for use in a fluid cooled engine and method of making the same
    DE102009059225A1|2010-07-01|Turbine rotor blade tips obstructing a cross flow
    CH703894A2|2012-03-30|Platform cooling arrangement in a turbine rotor blade as well as methods for producing such.
    EP2615243B1|2017-08-30|Blade ring segment for a fluid flow engine and method for producing the same
    CH706847A2|2014-03-14|Turbine blade.
    WO2016113034A1|2016-07-21|Electrical rotating machine with one-sided cooling and method for one-sided cooling
    DE102016213296A1|2018-01-25|Turbomachine and method for producing the same
    EP3263838A1|2018-01-03|Turbine blade having internal cooling passage
    DE102017011828A1|2018-06-28|Method for producing a winding head cooling of a winding head and casting tool for producing a winding head cooling
    DE102015110615A1|2017-01-19|Guide vane of a gas turbine engine, in particular an aircraft engine
    EP2834906B1|2018-02-28|Electrical machine
    EP1288435B1|2006-06-07|Turbine blade with at least one cooling orifice
    DE102019106733A1|2020-09-24|Cooling of the rotor and stator components of a turbocharger with the help of additively manufactured component-internal cooling channels
    DE102019109721A1|2020-10-15|Rotor for an electric machine
    EP2196628A1|2010-06-16|Lead rotor holder
    DE102016210930A1|2017-12-21|Rotor laminated core for an electric machine
    EP3672029B1|2021-03-24|Electric machine, slot seal for an electric machine, crown cooler for an electric machine and method for producing a crown cooler
    DE102020107234A1|2021-09-23|Cooling unit for an electrical machine and method for producing a cooling unit
    EP1245792A1|2002-10-02|Coolable turbine shroud and process of manufacturing the shroud
    EP3619795A1|2020-03-11|Electrical machine with cooling
    EP3351791A1|2018-07-25|Stator support of a gearless wind generator
    EP2455587A1|2012-05-23|Rotor for a turbomachine, corrresponding turbomachine and manufacturing method
    WO2017055047A1|2017-04-06|Electric machine with variable cooling system
    DE112020000861T5|2021-11-11|HIGH TEMPERATURE COMPONENT, AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING THE HIGH TEMPERATURE COMPONENT
    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    KR20200111100A|2020-09-28|
    RU2020111051A|2021-09-17|
    US20200300115A1|2020-09-24|
    DE102019106733A1|2020-09-24|
    JP2020153368A|2020-09-24|
    CN111706434A|2020-09-25|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    WO2017025466A1|2015-08-09|2017-02-16|Peter Ortmann|Device and method for converting electrical energy to heat and for storing said heat|
    FR3040733B1|2015-09-07|2018-08-31|Poly Shape|CARTER FOR ROTATING MACHINES, ESPECIALLY FOR TURBOMACHINES.|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    DE102019106733.2A|DE102019106733A1|2019-03-18|2019-03-18|Cooling of the rotor and stator components of a turbocharger with the help of additively manufactured component-internal cooling channels|
    [返回顶部]